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// index directory

  • Web Exploitation
    • HTTP Basics for CTF
    • SQL Injection
    • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
  • Cryptography
    • Classical Ciphers
    • XOR Encoding
    • RSA Basics
  • Reverse Engineering
    • Reverse Engineering Basics
    • Ghidra Workflow for CTF
    • Dynamic Analysis with GDB
  • Binary Exploitation
    • Buffer Overflow Basics
    • Format String Bugs
    • Return-Oriented Programming
  • Forensics
    • File Analysis Fundamentals
    • PCAP Analysis
    • Memory Forensics with Volatility
  • OSINT
    • OSINT Basics
    • Geolocation Challenges
  • Steganography
    • Image Steganography
    • Audio Steganography
  • Networking
    • Protocol Analysis
    • Network Reconnaissance
  • Miscellaneous
    • Encoding and Decoding
    • Scripting for CTF
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Cryptography

// 3 published field manuals

Cryptography challenges range from classical ciphers to modern misuses of RSA, AES, and hashing. The goal is rarely to break math — it is to spot the implementation mistake.

› field manual articles

  • 01

    Classical Ciphers

    Caesar, Vigenère, ROT13, and substitution — the ciphers CTF beginners meet first and how to crack them all.

    beginner
  • 02

    XOR Encoding

    Understand XOR's role in CTF crypto — single-byte key recovery, repeating-key XOR, and the crib-drag attack.

    beginner
  • 03

    RSA Basics

    How RSA works mathematically, and the three beginner mistakes that make CTF RSA challenges solvable.

    intermediate
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hackref logohackref/a minimal field manual for CTF beginners
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© 2026 hackref•open-source field manual
crafted by Md. Minaruzzaman Shovon